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UNCAC
International Treaty Law

International Law is King

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UNCAC in Plain Language –

What It Means for Us

Ratified Treaty

UNCAC is the world’s main treaty against corruption. Almost every country on Earth, including Australia, signed it. That means they promised to:

 

  • Run governments openly.

  • Let people access information.

  • Protect whistleblowers and victims.

  • Punish officials and companies that abuse power.

  • Work together across borders to stop corruption.

 

 

On paper, it’s powerful. In reality, governments bury it in jargon so ordinary people never use it. That’s exactly how corruption survives.

 

I’m stripping it back. Below, I go article by article through UNCAC, in plain English, showing how it connects to my case as an Agent Orange child — and why the cover-ups, gaslighting, and denials I’ve faced are not just “bad policy” but corruption under international law.

71 Articles in total.

Article 1 – Purpose

This treaty exists to stop corruption, promote integrity, and make countries cooperate with each other.

 

👉 Australia and other governments promised to do this — but instead, they used secrecy and policy tricks to protect themselves. That’s the opposite of UNCAC’s purpose.

Article 2 – Definitions

Corruption isn’t just about bribes. UNCAC says it includes abuse of power, concealment, and obstruction.

 

 ðŸ‘‰Denying victims, gaslighting children of veterans, hiding medical evidence — all of that fits the definition of corruption.

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Article 3 – Scope

UNCAC applies to governments and the private sector — companies, banks, insurers, manufacturers, all of them.

 

 ðŸ‘‰That means the Defence, DVA, Treasury, law firms, Bayer, Dow, insurers — everyone involved in the cover-up — are bound by UNCAC.

None of them can escape it.

Article 4 – Sovereignty

Countries can’t use “sovereignty” or “domestic law” as excuses. Signing UNCAC means they have to apply it, even inside their own borders.

 

 ðŸ‘‰Australia can’t say “policy doesn’t cover you”. International Law overrides their loopholes.

Article 5 – Preventing Corruption

Governments must create open, effective policies to stop corruption.

 

 ðŸ‘‰Instead of prevention, Australia built a system of cover-up and denial.

That’s a straight breach of Article 5.

Article 6 –  Independent Bodies

Every country must have anti-corruption watchdogs that are independent and free from political pressure.

 

 ðŸ‘‰Our Ombudsman, regulators, and NCPs are not independent. They protect government and corporations instead of people. That’s a breach of Article 6.

Article 7 –  Public Sector

Governments must run the public sector fairly and transparently. Hiring, promotions, and decisions should be based on merit, not mates, not politics, not silence.

 

 ðŸ‘‰In reality, promotions often go to people who keep quiet, not people who do the right thing. That is corruption under Article 7.

Article 8 – Codes of Conduct

Public officials must act with integrity. They have to declare conflicts of interest and avoid abusing their position.

 

 ðŸ‘‰When lawyers, doctors, and bureaucrats denied Agent Orange harm while tied to government paychecks, that was a conflict of interest. That’s a breach of Article 8.

Article 9 – Public Finance Transparency

Public money must be managed openly and honestly. Budgets, contracts, and spending must be clear to the public.

 

👉Treasury has hidden the real cost of Agent Orange harm for decades. That is a breach of Article 9.

Article 10 – Public Reporting

Governments must publish information about their decisions, risks, and policies. People have the right to know.

 

 ðŸ‘‰Reports about toxic harm and second-generation impacts were suppressed or buried. That’s a breach of Article 10.

Article 15 to 71 

This is where UNCAC gets very sharp: it demands open money, open decisions, and honest officials. None of those things happened in my case.

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Article 15 – Bribery of National Public Officials

 

 

Bribery of officials is corruption — whether it’s cash, jobs, or favors.

 

👉Lobbying, influence, and silence around Agent Orange harm worked like bribery. Benefits were traded for silence. That breaches Article 15.

 

 

By this point, UNCAC has already covered government, corporations, courts, finances, and public participation. Every part of my fight — denial, silence, suppression — is spelled out here as corruption under international law.

 

 

 

Article 16 – Bribery of Foreign Officials

 

 

It’s corruption when companies or governments bribe foreign officials to look the other way.

 

👉Chemical manufacturers and their partners lobbied across borders to protect their profits. That’s bribery under Article 16.

 

 

 

Article 17 – Embezzlement of Public Funds

 

 

Public officials must not steal or misuse public funds.

 

👉Money meant for veterans and survivors was diverted, delayed, or denied while departments protected themselves. That’s embezzlement under Article 17.

 

 

 

Article 18 – Trading in Influence

 

 

It’s corruption when someone uses their position to influence a decision unfairly.

 

👉Lobbyists and senior officials traded silence and policy influence to bury toxic harm. That’s trading in influence under Article 18.

 

 

 

Article 19 – Abuse of Functions

 

 

It’s corruption when officials abuse their power to cause harm or gain advantage.

 

👉DVA staff and bureaucrats who knowingly excluded children from recognition were abusing their functions. That’s a breach of Article 19.

 

 

 

Article 20 – Illicit Enrichment

 

 

If an official’s wealth doesn’t match their income, it can be investigated as corruption.

 

👉Consultants, executives, and officials enriched by suppressing toxic harm claims fall under illicit enrichment. That’s covered by Article 20.

 

 

By now, UNCAC has made it crystal clear: bribery, influence, abuse of power, misuse of funds, and personal enrichment are all corruption. These aren’t “policies gone wrong” — they’re crimes under international law.

 

 

 

Article 21 – Bribery in the Private Sector

 

 

It’s corruption when companies bribe people inside other companies to gain an advantage.

 

👉Manufacturers, banks, and insurers all greased the wheels of silence. Deals were made to protect profits, not people. That’s bribery under Article 21.

 

 

 

Article 22 – Embezzlement in the Private Sector

 

 

Company insiders can’t steal or misuse company resources.

 

👉Funds that should have gone to liability, safety, or transparency were siphoned into profit margins. That’s private sector embezzlement under Article 22.

 

 

 

Article 23 – Laundering the Proceeds of Crime

 

 

It’s corruption to move or hide money made from corruption.

 

👉Profits from TCDD went global through banks and insurers. Money laundering disguised war crimes as “business.” That’s a breach of Article 23.

 

 

 

Article 24 – Concealment

 

 

It’s corruption to hide evidence or the proceeds of crime.

 

👉Governments and corporations concealed studies, medical evidence, and costs. That’s concealment under Article 24.

 

 

 

Article 25 – Obstruction of Justice

 

 

It’s corruption to interfere with investigations or court cases.

 

👉Survivors blocked from records, doctors silenced, commissions stalled — all obstruction. That’s a direct breach of Article 25.

 

 

UNCAC doesn’t just hit governments. It squarely covers companies, banks, insurers, and their dirty money practices. From bribery to concealment to obstruction, every piece of the cover-up I’ve faced fits UNCAC’s definition of corruption.

 

 

 

Article 26 – Liability of Legal Persons

 

 

Companies can be held responsible for corruption — not just individuals.

 

👉That means Bayer, Dow, insurers, and banks are liable under UNCAC. A logo or corporate shield doesn’t protect them.

 

 

 

Article 27 – Participation and Attempt

 

 

Trying to commit corruption, or helping someone else do it, is still corruption.

 

👉Every official, lawyer, or executive who “just followed orders” or “helped with policy” was still participating. That’s covered by Article 27.

 

 

 

Article 28 – Knowledge, Intent, Purpose

 

 

Corruption doesn’t need a signed confession. Knowledge can be inferred from the facts.

 

👉Silence in the face of warnings, ignoring evidence, burying reports — all prove intent. That’s how UNCAC catches cover-ups.

 

 

 

Article 29 – Statute of Limitations

 

 

Corruption crimes must be prosecuted within long enough timeframes to match their seriousness.

 

👉Agent Orange cover-ups dragged on for decades. Under UNCAC, that doesn’t excuse them — the time limits must fit the crime.

 

 

 

Article 30 – Prosecution, Sanctions, and Penalties

 

 

Officials who commit corruption must be prosecuted, removed from office, and punished.

 

👉Bureaucrats, regulators, and ministers who obstructed and denied harm are not shielded. Article 30 says they must face consequences.

 

 

By this point, UNCAC makes it clear: corporations, executives, and government officials all carry liability. Participation, silence, or delay are not excuses. Time limits don’t erase responsibility. And penalties must be real.

 

 

 

Article 31 – Freezing and Confiscating Assets

 

 

Authorities must freeze, seize, and confiscate property gained through corruption.

 

👉Profits from toxic chemicals, banks, and insurers can’t stay in corporate accounts — they should be seized and redirected to victims.

 

 

 

Article 32 – Protection of Witnesses

 

 

Witnesses and their families must be protected from retaliation or intimidation.

 

👉Survivors and doctors who spoke out about Agent Orange should have been protected, not smeared or silenced. That’s a breach of Article 32.

 

 

 

Article 33 – Protection of Whistleblowers

 

 

Anyone who reports corruption must be protected by law.

 

👉I exposed government corruption around toxic harm. Instead of protection, I was gaslit, denied, and attacked. That’s a breach of Article 33.

 

 

 

Article 34 – Consequences of Corruption

 

 

Decisions, contracts, or laws made through corruption must be cancelled.

 

👉SOPs and policies that excluded children of veterans were built on corruption. Under Article 34, they must be thrown out.

 

 

 

Article 35 – Compensation for Damage

 

 

Victims of corruption have the right to go to court and claim compensation.

 

👉My invoices and demands for reparations line up perfectly with Article 35. The law itself says victims must be compensated.

 

 

Here, UNCAC speaks directly to survivors: protection, safety, cancelled corrupt decisions, and compensation. None of that happened for us — every article was breached.

 

 

 

Article 36 – Independent Anti-Corruption Authorities

 

 

Each country must have a body that can investigate corruption independently, without interference.

 

👉In Australia, bodies like the Ombudsman and NCPs weren’t independent — they passed the buck and protected government. That’s a breach of Article 36.

 

 

 

Article 37 – Cooperation with Law Enforcement

 

 

People who report corruption should be encouraged to cooperate with law enforcement and be protected when they do.

 

👉Survivors who tried to give evidence were ignored or punished. That’s the opposite of what Article 37 requires.

 

 

 

Article 38 – Cooperation Between National Authorities

 

 

Government agencies must work together to fight corruption.

 

👉Instead of cooperating, departments bounced me back and forth — DVA to Health to Treasury. That’s a breach of Article 38.

 

 

 

Article 39 – Cooperation with the Private Sector

 

 

Governments must work with businesses to prevent and detect corruption.

 

👉Instead, governments colluded with corporations to cover up toxic harm. That’s a breach of Article 39.

 

 

 

Article 40 – Accountability of Public Officials

 

 

Governments must ensure officials are accountable through transparent systems.

 

👉DVA staff, Queensland Health, and Treasury officials acted without accountability. Article 40 says that’s corruption.

 

 

These articles show that UNCAC expected cooperation, independence, and accountability at every level. Instead, what we got was denial, secrecy, and cover-ups.

 

 

 

Article 41 – Criminal Record of Offenders

 

 

Countries must track corruption convictions and share that information.

 

👉Instead, officials who harmed survivors kept climbing the ladder. Their records stayed clean. That’s a breach of Article 41.

 

 

 

Article 42 – Jurisdiction

 

 

Countries must claim jurisdiction over corruption crimes committed by their citizens, even if they happen abroad.

 

👉Australia can’t say “it was in Vietnam, not here.” Article 42 makes it their responsibility to act.

 

 

 

Article 43 – International Cooperation

 

 

Countries must help each other investigate and prosecute corruption.

 

👉Australia, New Zealand, the US, and Canada all ignored each other’s warnings. That’s a breach of Article 43.

 

 

 

Article 44 – Extradition

 

 

If someone commits corruption, countries must extradite them if needed.

 

👉Executives and officials can’t hide behind borders. Article 44 makes sure of that.

 

 

 

Article 45 – Transfer of Sentenced Persons

 

 

If someone is convicted, they can serve their sentence in another country if appropriate.

 

👉Corrupt officials and executives won’t escape by running home — Article 45 makes them accountable no matter where they go.

 

 

This section of UNCAC makes it crystal clear: corruption is not just domestic. It’s global. Countries must cooperate, share information, and extradite offenders. The cover-up of toxic harm crossed borders — which makes it an even clearer breach of UNCAC.

 

 

 

Article 46 – Mutual Legal Assistance

 

 

Countries must help each other with investigations: sharing evidence, records, and information.

 

👉Instead of helping, governments blocked access to records and hid evidence of toxic harm. That’s a breach of Article 46.

 

 

 

Article 47 – Transfer of Criminal Proceedings

 

 

Countries can transfer cases to each other if that helps achieve justice.

 

👉Instead of transferring cases, governments kept victims locked in endless domestic loops. That’s a breach of Article 47.

 

 

 

Article 48 – Law Enforcement Cooperation

 

 

Police and prosecutors across countries must work together against corruption.

 

👉In reality, law enforcement agencies avoided investigating toxic harm, even when it was clearly international. That’s a breach of Article 48.

 

 

 

Article 49 – Joint Investigations

 

 

Countries should run joint investigations when corruption crosses borders.

 

👉Toxic harm spanned Australia, New Zealand, Canada, the US, and Germany — but no joint investigation was ever done. That’s a breach of Article 49.

 

 

 

Article 50 – Special Investigative Techniques

 

 

Governments must use modern tools — like surveillance, undercover work, and tracking — to fight corruption.

 

👉Instead, those tools were used on victims, not perpetrators. Survivors were treated as suspects while corporations walked free. That’s a breach of Article 50.

 

 

These articles show UNCAC isn’t vague — it demands cross-border cooperation, joint investigations, and evidence sharing. None of that happened for us. The cover-up worked only because countries refused to cooperate, even though UNCAC requires it.

 

 

 

Article 51 – General Provision

 

 

Asset recovery is a fundamental principle of UNCAC. Stolen or corruptly gained money must be sent back.

 

👉Profits from chemicals, banks, and insurers tied to toxic harm should never sit in corporate pockets — they must be returned to victims.

 

 

 

Article 52 – Prevention and Detection of Transfers

 

 

Banks must watch out for suspicious accounts and prevent corrupt money from being hidden.

 

👉Instead, banks helped move and hide profits while ignoring the harm. That’s a breach of Article 52.

 

 

 

Article 53 – Measures for Direct Recovery

 

 

Victims must be able to go to court in another country to recover stolen assets.

 

👉Survivors should be able to chase toxic profits globally. My invoices are an example of direct recovery under Article 53.

 

 

 

Article 54 – Confiscation Through Cooperation

 

 

Countries must let each other confiscate assets linked to corruption.

 

👉Governments can’t block recovery of profits held abroad. That’s a breach of Article 54.

 

 

 

Article 55 – International Cooperation for Confiscation

 

 

If one country asks, another must help freeze and confiscate corrupt assets.

 

👉The US, Australia, Germany, and others should be working together to freeze toxic profits. They haven’t. Breach.

 

 

 

Article 56 – Special Cooperation

 

 

Authorities should proactively share information about hidden assets.

 

👉Instead, information was buried. That’s the opposite of Article 56.

 

 

 

Article 57 – Return and Disposal of Assets

 

 

Recovered money must go back to the victims, not sit in government funds.

 

👉Reparations must reach veterans, children, and survivors — not get swallowed by budgets.

 

 

 

Article 58 – Financial Intelligence Units

 

 

Countries must have agencies that track dirty money.

 

👉Those units ignored toxic profits and war-crime finance. Breach of Article 58.

 

 

 

Article 59 – Bilateral and Multilateral Agreements

 

 

Countries must sign agreements to make asset recovery easier.

 

👉Instead of agreements, we got silence. Another breach.

 

 

This section is the hammer: UNCAC doesn’t just call for “transparency.” It demands that stolen or corruptly earned money be tracked, frozen, and returned to victims. That’s exactly what your invoices are about.

 

 

 

Article 60 – Training and Technical Assistance

 

 

Countries must help each other with training, research, and resources to prevent and fight corruption.

 

👉Instead of sharing knowledge, governments buried evidence and ignored international research on toxic harm. That’s a breach of Article 60.

 

 

 

Article 61 – Collection and Exchange of Information

 

 

Countries must collect data on corruption and share it with others.

 

👉No proper data was collected on second-generation victims. No information was shared internationally. Breach of Article 61.

 

 

 

Article 62 – Other Measures: Economic Development and Technical Assistance

 

 

Fighting corruption must include helping communities recover and develop.

 

👉Instead of repairing the damage, governments left survivors sick and unsupported. That’s a breach of Article 62.

 

 

 

Article 63 – Conference of the States Parties

 

 

All the countries that signed UNCAC meet regularly to review progress.

 

👉Australia shows up to these meetings but hides its breaches. That’s a betrayal of Article 63.

 

 

 

Article 64 – Secretariat

 

 

The UN provides support to keep UNCAC running.

 

👉Survivors like me should be able to lean on that system. But governments block access. Breach of Article 64.

 

 

These articles prove UNCAC isn’t just about punishment. It’s also about sharing knowledge, repairing harm, and building better systems. None of that was done in my case.

 

 

 

Article 65 – Implementation

 

 

Each country must take all steps needed to put UNCAC into practice at home.

 

👉Australia signed it, but never applied it domestically. That’s the core of the corruption.

 

 

 

Article 66 – Settlement of Disputes

 

 

If countries disagree about UNCAC, they must take it to arbitration or the International Court of Justice.

 

👉Survivors shouldn’t be trapped in endless domestic fights — disputes should go straight to international forums.

 

 

 

Article 67 – Signature, Ratification, Acceptance, Approval, and Accession

 

 

UNCAC is binding once signed and ratified.

 

👉Australia ratified it in 2005. That means it’s already law here. The excuse of “domestic policy” is invalid.

 

 

 

Article 68 – Entry into Force

 

 

UNCAC became binding for each country after ratification.

 

👉For Australia, that was December 2005. From that point on, every cover-up and denial breached international law.

 

 

 

Article 69 – Amendment

 

 

UNCAC can be strengthened, but it can’t be watered down.

 

👉Governments can’t rewrite it to dodge responsibility.

 

 

 

Article 70 – Denunciation

 

 

A country can withdraw from UNCAC, but the world will see it as walking away from anti-corruption.

 

👉Australia has never withdrawn. That means it’s still fully bound.

 

 

 

Article 71 – Depositary and Languages

 

 

The UN Secretary-General keeps the treaty and translations.

 

👉That’s just housekeeping — but it matters because UNCAC is global, not domestic. No country owns it, they all share it.

 

 

 

 

What This Means for Us

 

 

UNCAC is not optional. It’s binding. Australia signed it. They promised open government, access to information, independent oversight, whistleblower protection, asset recovery, and compensation for victims.

 

They broke every single promise.

 

That’s why my case isn’t “domestic policy failure.” It’s corruption under international law.

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